Nature: sweet, bitter, neutral

Enters: Liver, Kidney

Actions: Expels wind; promotes urination, drains dampness; invigorates the channels and blood; disperses blood stasis; directs fire and blood downward; weakly nourishes the liver and kidneys.

Indications:
• Stronger to move blood and alleviate pain, but less tonifying than Huai niu xi.
• Pain due to wind-dampness – especially lower back pain.
• Musculoskeletal pain, traumatic injury.
• Atrophy and spasm in the lower extremities.
• Painful urination with blood in the urine.
• Amenorrhea, postpartum abdominal pain, difficult labor, abdominal masses.
• Hematemesis, epistaxis, toothache, ulcers on the tongue and mouth, headache and dizziness associated with fire flaring upward and abnormal bleeding.

Dose: 4.5-9g